Residents of Kenya's Lamu island are facing an uncertain future as the construction of Africa's second-largest oil refinery, proposed by Nigerian tycoon Aliko Dangote, begins to take shape. The 12th-century Old Town of Lamu, known for its paradisical beaches and traditional dhow sailing boats, now finds itself at the center of a contentious debate over development and environmental conservation.

For the island's residents, the sudden announcement of the refinery's construction in July, with plans for it to be operational by 2030, has come as a shock. Cars are non-existent on the island, and transport is still largely by donkey, making the arrival of a massive fossil fuel complex a radical change to their way of life. The project, which promises 60,000 jobs and a training center for 1,000 young people, has sparked protests and legal challenges from locals who fear a loss of land rights and environmental degradation.

Environmental organizations like Greenpeace have also voiced concerns over the potential damage to the island's fragile ecosystem. Tourism and fishing, which currently support 90 percent of the island's economy, are threatened by the potential pollution and disruption caused by the refinery. Fishermen and tourism operators worry about the impact on their livelihoods as the island's serene beauty and marine life are put at risk.

During a protest in the Old Town on Tuesday, locals chanted "Haki Yetu" ("Our rights"), signaling their determination to protect their land and way of life. Despite the promises of economic benefits, many residents are skeptical. President William Ruto, who initially criticized those challenging the project in court, later promised a rigorous environmental study and assurances of job creation, but these reassurances have not quelled the widespread fear and anger among the island's inhabitants.

As the island faces this monumental change, resistance and organizing efforts are gaining momentum. Local groups are mobilizing to protect their rights and the environment, seeking to ensure that the development promises are kept and the island's unique character is preserved. The resilience of Lamu's residents, who have long faced challenges while maintaining their cultural heritage, is evident as they stand firm against the impending transformation.

Originally reported by Africa News